What chemical family is toluene in?
What functional group is toluene? Toluene is the simplest toluene member of the class consisting of a benzene core containing a single methyl substituent. It is a part of toluenes and methylbenzene, a volatile organic compound.
What category is toluene in?
Toluene is the simplest member of the class toluenes consisting of a benzene core which bears a single methyl substituent. It has a role as a non-polar solvent, a cholinergic antagonist, a neurotoxin and a fuel additive. It is a methylbenzene, a volatile organic compound and a member of toluenes.
What gas group is toluene?
[Residual Solvent Class 2 - Toluene (1.2 mL/ampule; 3 ampules)] - CAS []
What class of solvent is toluene?
The alkylbenzenes, toluene being the most common example, represent a class of six-membered ring aromatic compounds that have a variety of alkyl groups attached.
Is toluene an alkyl group?
(b) Except for lawful research, clinical, medical, dental, veterinary, industrial or manufacturing purposes, no person shall possess toluene, also known as tuleol, methylbenzene, phenylmethane or methacide, in a portable container unless the container is constructed of metal, has a tight closure, and is fitted with a ...
Is toluene illegal?
Toluene is a transparent, colourless liquid with an odour similar to benzene. Toluene's chemical formula is C6H5CH3. The chemical compound toluene is naturally occurring and mainly derived from petroleum or petrochemical processes. The toluene chemical is present in gasoline, glues, and paints.
Is toluene an element?
Due to the cyclic continuous pi bonds between the carbon atoms, benzene is classed as an aromatic hydrocarbon.
What is the category of benzene?
Toluene is irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. It can cause systemic toxicity by ingestion or inhalation and is slowly absorbed through the skin.
Is toluene a toxin?
In organic chemistry, tolyl groups are functional groups related to toluene. They have the general formula CH 3C 6H 4−R, the change of the relative position of the methyl and the R substituent on the aromatic ring can generate three possible structural isomers 1,2 (ortho), 1,3 (meta), and 1,4 (para).
What is the functional group for toluene?
The answer is aromatic. Toluene has the same aromatic ring with benzene. The only difference is that the compound toluene has an additional methyl substituent in the aromatic ring. Therefore, the toluene is considered as an aromatic compound.
Is toluene an alkane or alkene?
A simple aryl group is phenyl (C 6H 5−), a group derived from benzene. Examples of other aryl groups consist of: The tolyl group ( CH 3C 6H 4−) which is derived from toluene (methylbenzene) The xylyl group ( (CH 3) 2C 6H 3−), which is derived from xylene (dimethylbenzene)
Is toluene an aryl group?
ICSC 0078 - TOLUENE. Highly flammable. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.
Is toluene an explosive?
Solvents can be broadly classified into two categories: polar and nonpolar. A special case is mercury, whose solutions are known as amalgams; also, other metal solutions exist which are liquid at room temperature. Generally, the dielectric constant of the solvent provides a rough measure of a solvent's polarity.
What classification is solvents?
Solvent classifications. Solvents can be broadly classified into two categories: polar and non-polar. A special case is elemental mercury, whose solutions are known as amalgams; also, other metal solutions exist which are liquid at room temperature.
What is the category of solvent?
Toluene (/ˈtɒl. juiːn/), also known as toluol (/ˈtɒl. ju. ɒl, -ɔːl, -oʊl/), is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C 6H 5CH 3, often abbreviated as PhCH 3, where Ph stands for phenyl group.
Is toluene a phenyl group?
When the methyl is attached to the benzene ring, then it is known as toluene. So, the incoming nucleophile will either attack the ortho or para position, or the meta position. Hence, the methyl group is an activating group.
Is toluene an activating group?
Toluene (also known as methylbenzene, phenylmethane, or toluol) and toluene-containing volatile substances are the most commonly abused solvents with a demonstrative addictive potential in humans.
What is another name for toluene?
Neurotoxicity is a critical human health concern following acute, intermediate, or chronic toluene exposure. Developmental toxicity. Toluene exposure is linked to adverse effects in developing fetuses and has the potential to cause birth defects.
Why is toluene banned?
Toluene is banned in glue and spray paint at concentrations above 0.1 % in products for the general public according to Directive 76/769/EEC on certain dangerous substances and preparations (Directive 2005/59/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 October 2005 amending for the 28th time Council ...
Is toluene banned in the EU?
Overview. Toluene (C₆H₅CH₃) is a colorless liquid with a sweet, pungent odor. Exposure to toluene can cause eye and nose irritation, tiredness, confusion, euphoria, dizziness, headache, dilated pupils, tears, anxiety, muscle fatigue, insomnia, nerve damage, inflammation of the skin, and liver and kidney damage.
Why is toluene bad?
The majority of toluene is used as a component of petrol. It is also used in paints, lacquers, inks, adhesives, rubber, and cleaning agents. It is used to manufacture benzene, urethane raw materials, and other organic chemicals. It is used in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and cosmetic nail products.
What are 5 uses for toluene?
Toluene mixes readily with many organic solvents, but is poorly soluble in water. Toluene is less dense than water and will float on the surface of water.
Is toluene soluble in water?
Being a misused drug, toluene has reinforcing effects.
Is toluene a drug?
Benzene is the parent compound of the large family of organic compounds known as aromatic compounds.
What chemical family is benzene?
Benzene has a sweet, aromatic, gasoline-like odor. Most individuals can begin to smell benzene in air at 1.5 to 4.7 ppm. The odor threshold generally provides adequate warning for acutely hazardous exposure concentrations but is inadequate for more chronic exposures.
How does benzene smell?
As a functional group, benzene, substituted benzenes and polybenzenes are called "arenes".
What is functional group of benzene?
Toluene will readily evaporate into the air or be degraded by microorganisms in surface waters. Leaking underground storage tanks can contaminate the soil with toluene and other petroleum-product components. Toluene in surface soils rapidly evaporates into the air.
Does toluene evaporate?
Toluene is a good solvent (a substance that can dissolve other substances). It is used in making paints, paint thinners, fingernail polish, lacquers, adhesives, and rubber and in some printing and leather tanning processes. Toluene is also used in the manufacture of other chemicals, nylon, and plastics.
Is toluene a solvent?
Toluene has largely replaced the more-toxic benzene as a solvent. Benzene is an established carcinogen, but the carcinogenicity of toluene is as yet undetermined.
Is toluene safer than benzene?
Toluene and benzene are highly volatile aromatic hydrocarbons with a usual route of exposure in the form of inhalation. Inhalation of an aromatic hydrocarbon can result in systemic absorption and the potential for significant toxicity.[4]
What is benzene and toluene?
Toluene is an aromatic hydrocarbon; it is an aromatic compound because a benzene ring is present in its chemical structure and a hydrocarbon because its chemical formula consists only of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Why is toluene aromatic?
Toluene is produced during petroleum refining operations, directly as a by-product of styrene manufacture and indirectly as a by-product of coke-oven operations. It is produced from petroleum as an aromatic mixture with benzene and xylene primarily by catalytic reforming and pyrolytic cracking.
What is toluene made of?
Toluene is an aromatic hydrocarbon. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative and consists of a methyl group i.e., CH_3 that is attached to a phenyl group. The systematic IUPAC name of toluene is methylbenzene.
What class of hydrocarbon is toluene?
High levels of toluene exposure during pregnancy, such as those associated with solvent abuse, may lead to developmental effects, such as retardation of mental abilities and growth in children. Other health effects of potential concern may include immune, kidney, liver, and reproductive effects.
Is toluene harmful to humans?
Toluene is a great solvent because other chemicals dissolve in it easily, especially other organic compounds. This makes it a common chemical in organic laboratories.
Why is toluene a good solvent?
Some less substituted alkylbenzenes such as toluene and xylene are commonly used as solvents industrially.
Is toluene an alkyl benzene?
Ether: (1) A functional group characterized by an oxygen atom single-bonded to two carbon atoms. The carbon atoms may be of any hybridization, but cannot be carbonyl groups. The term may also describe a molecule containing this functional group.
What is an ether group?
It's mildly acidic and should be handled with caution because it can cause chemical burns. Now let us get some ideas about Toluene. Toluene is an aromatic hydrocarbon that is also known as toluol. It's a colourless, water-insoluble liquid that has a paint thinner-like odour.
Is toluene an acid or base?
DOT#: UN 1294 ERG Guide #: 130 Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable) Toluene is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID. Use dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or other foaming agent as extinguishing agents, as water may not be effective in fighting fires.
Can toluene cause fire?
Also, as noted earlier, toluene undergoes nitration about 25 times faster than benzene, but chlorination of toluene is over 500 times faster than that of benzene. From this we may conclude that the nitration reagent is more reactive and less selective than the halogenation reagents.
Is toluene faster than benzene?
Toluene levels of 500 ppm are considered immediately dangerous to life and health. Due to genetic polymorphisms, some people may be more sensitive to the effects of inhaled solvents than others. Occupational asthma has occurred in some workers exposed to toluene levels considered safe in the workplace.
How much toluene is toxic?
Residual Solvent Class 2 - Toluene.
What class of solvent is toluene?
Water is called the "universal solvent" because it is capable of dissolving more substances than any other liquid. This is important to every living thing on earth.
What is the strongest solvent?
Class 1 solvents, containing five compounds, should be avoided in manufacturing processes. Class 2 solvents contain 30 compounds, and should be limited. Class 3 solvents, containing 27 compounds, are considered lower risk. In total, there are more than 60 compounds in the three classes.
What are Class 1 2 3 solvents?
Toluene is a non-polar solvent, so it is good at dissolving non-polar solutes.
Is toluene a solute or solvent?
Solvents in Class 3 (Table 3) may be regarded as less toxic and of lower risk to human health. Class 3 includes no solvent known as a human health hazard at levels normally accepted in pharmaceuticals. However, there are no long-term toxicity or carcinogenicity studies for many of the solvents in Class 3.
What are Class 3 solvents?
It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of a methyl group (CH3) attached to a phenyl group by a single bond. As such, its systematic IUPAC name is methylbenzene. Toluene is predominantly used as an industrial feedstock and a solvent.
What are 5 solvents?
Toluene is a transparent, colourless liquid with an odour similar to benzene. Toluene's chemical formula is C6H5CH3. The chemical compound toluene is naturally occurring and mainly derived from petroleum or petrochemical processes. The toluene chemical is present in gasoline, glues, and paints.
What functional group is toluene?
Toluene has been used as an ingredient in nail polish removers, due to its ability to help dissolve other substances, such as resins and plasticizers. It has also been used in the formulation of nail products to enable nail polishes, hardeners and lacquers to be applied smoothly.
Is toluene an element?
The methyl group of toluene makes it around 25 times more reactive than benzene in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Toluene undergoes nitration to give ortho and para nitrotoluene isomers, but if heated it can give dinitrotoluene and ultimately the explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT).
What does toluene dissolve?
There is no such structure in the intermediate for nitration of benzene, so the intermediate for toluene nitration is more stable and the reaction which goes through it is faster. We call the methy group (and alkyl groups in general) an "activating" group for electrophilic aromatic substitution.
Is toluene reactive?
A simple aryl group is phenyl (C 6H 5−), a group derived from benzene. Examples of other aryl groups consist of: The tolyl group ( CH 3C 6H 4−) which is derived from toluene (methylbenzene) The xylyl group ( (CH 3) 2C 6H 3−), which is derived from xylene (dimethylbenzene)
Why is toluene an activating group?
(b) Except for lawful research, clinical, medical, dental, veterinary, industrial or manufacturing purposes, no person shall possess toluene, also known as tuleol, methylbenzene, phenylmethane or methacide, in a portable container unless the container is constructed of metal, has a tight closure, and is fitted with a ...
Is toluene an aryl group?
The answer is aromatic. Toluene has the same aromatic ring with benzene. The only difference is that the compound toluene has an additional methyl substituent in the aromatic ring. Therefore, the toluene is considered as an aromatic compound.
Is toluene illegal?
Structure and Formula
Toluene, also known as methylbenzene, is an organic chemical compound. It is categorized as such because of the presence of carbon (C) atoms in its chemical formula, C7H8. You may notice that the chemical formula of toluene (C7H8), has seven carbon (C) atoms and eight hydrogen (H) atoms.
Is toluene an alkene?
ICSC 0078 - TOLUENE. Highly flammable. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.
What is the structure and chemical name of toluene?
Neurotoxicity is a critical human health concern following acute, intermediate, or chronic toluene exposure. Developmental toxicity. Toluene exposure is linked to adverse effects in developing fetuses and has the potential to cause birth defects.
What is the new name for toluene?
Overview. Toluene (C₆H₅CH₃) is a colorless liquid with a sweet, pungent odor. Exposure to toluene can cause eye and nose irritation, tiredness, confusion, euphoria, dizziness, headache, dilated pupils, tears, anxiety, muscle fatigue, insomnia, nerve damage, inflammation of the skin, and liver and kidney damage.
Is toluene an explosive?
The answer is aromatic. Toluene has the same aromatic ring with benzene. The only difference is that the compound toluene has an additional methyl substituent in the aromatic ring. Therefore, the toluene is considered as an aromatic compound.
Why is toluene banned?
TMO (2,2,5,5-tetramethyloxolane) is a non-peroxide forming ether solvent that can replace common hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene. TMO demonstrates the ability to produce high molecular weight radical-initiated polymers for use as pressure-sensitive adhesives.
Why is toluene bad?
Toluene is a benzene ring with a methyl group attachment. It is more reactive than a regular benzene ring because the methyl group is electron-donating, making the ring have greater electron density. Electron-donating groups have a positive inductive effect and make the main group more reactive.