What is the risk of toluene?
Without proper ventilation and safety precautions, toluene can cause irritated eyes, nose, and throat; dry or cracked skin; headache, dizziness, feeling of being drunk, confusion and anxiety.
What safety precautions must be observed when using toluene?
Avoid skin contact with used gloves. Wear protective clothing. appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU). Safety glasses or goggles are appropriate eye protection.
What are the hazard statements for toluene?
H315 Causes skin irritation. H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness. H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child. H373 May cause damage to organs (Central nervous system) through prolonged or repeated exposure if inhaled.
Is toluene a safe solvent?
Repeatedly breathing toluene from glue or paint thinners may permanently damage the brain. Exposure to high levels of toluene during pregnancy, such as those associated with solvent abuse, may lead to developmental effects, such as reduced mental abilities and growth in children.
Why is toluene banned?
Neurotoxicity is a critical human health concern following acute, intermediate, or chronic toluene exposure. Developmental toxicity. Toluene exposure is linked to adverse effects in developing fetuses and has the potential to cause birth defects.
Is toluene safer than benzene?
Toluene has largely replaced the more-toxic benzene as a solvent. Benzene is an established carcinogen, but the carcinogenicity of toluene is as yet undetermined.
How flammable is toluene?
ICSC 0078 - TOLUENE. Highly flammable. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.
What are the rules for toluene?
The Permissible Exposure Limit for toluene is 200 ppm 8-hour time weighted average, with an acceptable ceiling concentration of 300 ppm and an acceptable peak over the ceiling concentration of 500 ppm over 10 minutes.
Is toluene a thermal hazard?
The thermal hazards of toluene are lower than those related to other dangerous substances. However, adequate safety measures, such as periodic inspections, must be taken for the early and timely identification of the hazards.
What are the hazards of toluene MSDS?
The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. If this liquid is swallowed, aspiration into the lungs may result in chemical pneumonitis. Exposure at high levels could cause cardiac dysrhythmia and unconsciousness.;The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking.
Is toluene illegal?
(b) Except for lawful research, clinical, medical, dental, veterinary, industrial or manufacturing purposes, no person shall possess toluene, also known as tuleol, methylbenzene, phenylmethane or methacide, in a portable container unless the container is constructed of metal, has a tight closure, and is fitted with a ...
What is a safer alternative to toluene?
TMO is an ether solvent that effectively replaces most hydrocarbon solvents, namely toluene. TMO is becoming an increasingly popular option for those searching for a substitute for toluene due to its highly desirable properties as a solvent: Non-polar. Low boiling point.
Is toluene toxic to bacteria?
TOLUENE, like many organic sovents, is highly biotoxic and kills most microorganisms at low concentrations (0.1% v/v).
Is toluene banned in Europe?
Restricted in cosmetics in the EU; found unsafe for use in cosmetics by the International Fragrance Association Codes and Standards.
Why is toluene carcinogenic?
Can toluene cause cancer? Studies in workers and animals exposed to toluene generally show that toluene does not cause cancer.
Is toluene more toxic than xylene?
The air levels considered immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH, NIOSH) are 500 ppm for toluene and 900 ppm for xylene. Death has been reported after exposure to toluene at 1, 800–2,000 ppm for 1 hour.
What are 5 uses for toluene?
The majority of toluene is used as a component of petrol. It is also used in paints, lacquers, inks, adhesives, rubber, and cleaning agents. It is used to manufacture benzene, urethane raw materials, and other organic chemicals. It is used in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and cosmetic nail products.
Is toluene an extremely hazardous substance?
High concentrations of toluene, usually from use in a confined space or unventilated area, can cause loss of consciousness, respiratory depression and death. Long term and repeated workplace exposure to toluene affect the central nervous system.
How much toluene is lethal?
Toxicokinetic extrapolation from blood toluene concentration in a deceased patient was used to estimate that 1 hour of exposure to 1,800–2,000 ppm toluene may be fatal to humans (Hobara et al. 2000a, 2000b).
Is toluene carcinogenic?
Studies in workers and animals exposed to toluene generally indicate that toluene is not carcinogenic (cancer-causing). The International Agency for Research on Cancer determined that toluene is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity in humans (Group 3).
Can we heat toluene?
It floats on water, boils at 232F and freezes at 139F. Toluene (C7H8) is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor. Stable under normal pressure and temperatures, it is highly flammable and easily ignited by sparks, heat or flame. It floats on water, boils at 232°F and freezes at –139°F.
What is another name for toluene?
Toluene (also known as methylbenzene, phenylmethane, or toluol) and toluene-containing volatile substances are the most commonly abused solvents with a demonstrative addictive potential in humans.
Does toluene expire?
1 year when stored between 50⁰-85⁰ Fahrenheit. Refer to each individual material SDS (Safety Data Sheet) for specific requirements on the health, safety, storage and handling requirements.
Does toluene evaporate?
Toluene will readily evaporate into the air or be degraded by microorganisms in surface waters. Leaking underground storage tanks can contaminate the soil with toluene and other petroleum-product components. Toluene in surface soils rapidly evaporates into the air.
At what temperature is toluene flammable?
The reportable quantity for toluene is 1,000 pounds (454 kg) (EPA 2013g). Because of its potential to cause adverse health effects in exposed people, toluene is also regulated by the drinking water standards set by the EPA.
Is toluene regulated?
Goggles and a full-face shield are required for all applications, including roller, brush, and spray techniques. A full set of chemical protective clothing made from appropriately rated fabric is also necessary PPE for working with toluene.
What PPE is required for handling toluene?
The pulmonary route of toluene absorption is primarily via sniffing, huffing, and bagging or by spraying inhalants directly into the nose or mouth. These terms were derived from the mode of abuse and refers to the following: Sniffing refers to snorting fumes from containers through the nose.
How is toluene abused?
Toluene and xylene are very effective as oil and grease removers, but naphtha should be adequate for most situations. Toluene evaporates a little faster than xylene, but this is significant only when using the solvent as a thinner. The problem with these two solvents is that they are relatively toxic.
Is xylene better than toluene?
Gastrointestinal. GI symptoms from inhalation and ingestion may result in abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and hematemesis. Hepatotoxicity manifests with ascites, jaundice, hepatomegaly, and liver failure. A rare form of hepatitis—hepatic reticuloendothelial failure (HREF)—has been reported with toluene exposure.
Is toluene toxic to the liver?
The range of the pH values of toluene and [Bmim][BF4] and [Bmim][PF6] were from (3.16 to 4.63) and (5.57 to 7.55), respectively. Comparison showed that the pH of toluene in the two ionic liquids was in sequence: [Bmim][BF4] < [Bmim][PF6].
What is the pH of toluene?
For example, toluene sulfonamide/formaldehyde resin (TSFR) is used in some nail polishes to make the coating tough and resilient. TSFR also helps the polish adhere to the nail, adds gloss and helps the product flow well when applied. There is evidence that some people may become allergic to TSFR.
Why is toluene in nail polish?
Our results support the association between benzene, xylene, and toluene and chronic lymphatic leukemia and between benzene and MM with longer latencies than have been observed for AML in other studies.
Can toluene cause leukemia?
Avoid contact with the skin and eyes, and never use toluene near sources of heat or ignition. If using a household product that contains toluene, be sure to follow any additional safety instructions listed on the product label.
How do you handle toluene safely?
Toluene mixes readily with many organic solvents, but is poorly soluble in water. Toluene is less dense than water and will float on the surface of water.
Is toluene soluble in water?
Toluene is a representative member of a class of inhaled solvents that are voluntarily used by adolescents and adults for their euphorigenic effects.
What drug is toluene?
Flammable Liquids:
Toluene is a liquid with a flash point of 4.4°C, closed cup, and an initial boiling point of 110.6 °C (>35 °C required for classification in Category 2) 99 . The available data meet the classification criteria for Flammable Liquids – Category 2 [HPR 7.6. 1(2)].
What hazard class is toluene?
Risk phrases in full R11 Highly flammable. R38 Irritating to skin. R48/20 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
What hazard category is toluene?
Neurotoxicity is a critical human health concern following acute, intermediate, or chronic toluene exposure. Developmental toxicity. Toluene exposure is linked to adverse effects in developing fetuses and has the potential to cause birth defects.
What are the risk phrases for toluene?
Toluene has largely replaced the more-toxic benzene as a solvent. Benzene is an established carcinogen, but the carcinogenicity of toluene is as yet undetermined.
Why is toluene banned?
Toluene is a flammable liquid with a flash point of 4.4° C. Toluene and products containing it can form an explosive mixture with air at room temperature.
Is toluene safer than benzene?
Is toluene safe for food?
Can toluene explode?
Does toluene cause brain damage?
Is toluene an extremely hazardous substance?
Is toluene harmful to humans and animals?
Is toluene harmful to humans and animals?
High concentrations of toluene, usually from use in a confined space or unventilated area, can cause loss of consciousness, respiratory depression and death. Long term and repeated workplace exposure to toluene affect the central nervous system.
How is toluene abused?
Exposure to toluene may occur from breathing ambient or indoor air affected by such sources. The central nervous system (CNS) is the primary target organ for toluene toxicity in both humans and animals for acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) exposures.
Is toluene toxic to bacteria?
The pulmonary route of toluene absorption is primarily via sniffing, huffing, and bagging or by spraying inhalants directly into the nose or mouth. These terms were derived from the mode of abuse and refers to the following: Sniffing refers to snorting fumes from containers through the nose.